王景泽;
北华大学东亚历史与文化研究院;
西南大学学报(社会科学版),2008年04期  

【摘要】 学术界普遍注意到了自然灾害与明朝灭亡的关系,然对与女真族兴起的关系却关注不够。事实上,明末东北地区自然灾害频仍,促使女真族内部相互攻掠,建州女真乘机兴起。灾荒也成为努尔哈赤起兵反明的因素之一;政策失误与自然灾害交互作用,亦使进入辽东的后金陷入困境。皇太极统治时期灾害不断,他除了调整政策、发挥八旗的作用、逼迫朝鲜提供经济支持,便是大规模掠夺明朝,既削弱了对方,也有助于渐渡危困。但无论明朝灭亡抑或女真族兴起,自然灾害的作用皆视乎王朝政治与人类社会基本状况而定。

【英文摘要】 Academia have paid much attention to the relationship of the natural disasters and the destruction of the Ming dynasty,but didn t pay enough attention to the relationship between the natural disasters and the rise of Nuzhen people. In fact,the natural disasters frequently happened in Northeastern China in the late Ming Dynasty,which brought about conflict among Nuzhen people,and the Jianzhou Nuzhen seized the opportunity to rise up.The natural disaster was one of the factors for the attack of Nurhachu again...

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