Beyond the Silk Roads:
New Discourses on China’s Role in East Asian
Maritime History

Edited by
Robert J. Antony安樂博, Guangzhou University
Angela Schottenhammer蕭婷, Universität Salzburg

2017
Harrassowitz Verlag . Wiesbaden

Contents

LIST OF MAPS, FIGURES, AND TABLES .................................................................................... vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................................... ix

CHAPTER I
ROBERT J. ANTONY
Integrating Maritime Asia with World, Transnational, and Local History:
An Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1

CHAPTER II
JUDITH CAMERON
A Prehistoric Maritime Silk Road: Merchants, Boats, Cloth and Jade .................................. 25

CHAPTER III
HUGH R. CLARK
The Coastal Cultures of Ancient Fujian and the Roots of Regional Cults .......................... 43

CHAPTER IV
JOHN W. CHAFFEE
Pu Shougeng Reconsidered:
Pu, His Family, and their Role in the Maritime Trade of Quanzhou .................................... 63

CHAPTER V
UBALDO IACCARINO
Conquistadors of the Celestial Empire:
The Spanish Policy toward China at the End of the 16th Century ........................................ 77

CHAPTER VI
MARIA GRAZIA PETRUCCI
Caught Between Piracy and Trade: The Shimazu of Southern Japan
at the Onset of the New Tokugawa Regime, 1599−1630 .......................................................... 99

CHAPTER VII
XING HANG
Leizhou Pirates and the Making of the Mekong Delta ............................................................. 115

CHAPTER VIII
SUSAN E. SCHOPP
French Sea Routes to Canton, 1698−1792 .................................................................................... 133

CHAPTER IX
ADAM CLULOW
Distant Justice: Maritime Networks and Legal Forum Shopping ......................................... 151

CHAPTER X
ROBERT J. ANTONY
Pirates, Dragon Ladies, and Steamships:
On the Changing Forms of Modern China’s Piracy .................................................................. 165

CHAPTER XI
ANGELA SCHOTTENHAMMER
China’s Rise and Retreat as a Maritime Power ............................................................................. 189

INDEX ...................................................................................................................................................... 213

LIST OF MAPS, FIGURES, AND TABLES
ROBERT J. ANTONY
Map 1.1., 4: Maritime Eastern Asia
Map 1.2., 5: Sailing routes across the South China Sea World
Map 1.3., 12: Overlapping spheres of the South China Sea World
Map 1.4., 14: Transregional sailing routes of maritime raiders in the South China Sea
JUDITH CAMERON
Map 2.1., 27: Key early Neolithic cloth production sites belonging to the Hemudu culture
(5500- 3300 BCE) and the distribution of late Neolithic sites belonging to the
Majiabang sites (5000−3300 BCE)
Map 2.1., 29: Distribution of prehistoric cloth production sites in Taiwan and island Southeast
Asia
Fig. 2.1., 28: The remains of an early Neolithic wooden boat from Kuahuqiao
Fig. 2.2., 35: Tracings of charcoal drawings of maritime vessels depicted on the roof of the
Hagop Bilo habitation shelter, Sabah
Fig. 2.3., 37: Boat depictions on the walls of the Painted Cave, Borneo
Fig. 2.4., 38: Boat coffins remaining on the cave floor of the Painted Cave, Borneo
HUGH R. CLARK
Map 3.1., 44: Chinese migration routes
Map 3.2., 47: Modern Putian Prefecture and the Xinghua Bay
Map 3.3., 57: Central places to the Baidu Cult
JOHN W. CHAFFEE
Map 4.1., 64: Fujian Province
UBALDO IACCARINO
Map 5.1., 78: Philippines and South China Sea
MARIA GRAZIA PETRUCCI
Map 6.1., 100: Tokugawa Japan and Ryūkyū

viii List of Maps, Figures, and Tables

XING HANG
Map 7.1., 118: The Gulf of Tonkin
SUSAN E. SCHOPP
Map 8.1., 144: Eighteenth-century French sea routes between France and China via the Cape
of Good Hope
Map 8.2., 147: French sea route to China via Cape Horn, 1716
Fig. 8.1., 137: Diagram of Asian wind systems
ROBERT J. ANTONY
Map 10.1., 166: The South China coast, c. 1900
Map 10.2., 170: Bias Bay and the Pearl River Delta, c. 1900
Fig. 10.1., 169: Postcard depicting the beheading of Namoa pirates in 1891
Fig. 10.2., 176: Portuguese monument commemorating the victory over pirates in Coloane
in July 1910
Fig. 10.3., 181: Male and female members of Lai Choi San’s gang
Fig. 10.4., 183: Fig. 10.4. Chasing Chinese pirates
Table 10.1., 172-3: Reported piracies on the South China Coast, 1874−1894
Table 10.2., 178: Occupations of convicted pirates in South China, 1780−1885
Table 10.3., 185: Hong Kong police report of piracy incidents, January to May 18