一、徐筱婧：《南宋寺院碑记研究》；指导老师：皮庆生

中文摘要

寺院碑记是记录寺院的兴建、改扩建等重要事件的佛教文献，往往以石碑的形式立于寺院之中。南宋时期，寺院碑记的撰写愈发兴盛，作者群体除了知名文人、本地士人、官员等，亦有部分帝王、平民为寺院撰记，僧人的记文创作数量也远超前代。在请记与撰记的过程中，士、僧群体之间的交流得到加深，反映出南宋时期儒释之间的友好互动。

寺院碑记记载内容丰富，从多维度展现了寺院的情况。记文追溯寺院历史，最早溯及魏晋，大多数则溯及唐代，为寺院历史的考证提供了佐证。部分记文以书写神异故事的方式为寺院构建信仰，证明兴建的合理性。故事大致可分为天降祥瑞、梦境显灵、神像显灵、人神互助四类，这些故事的书写为寺院披上了一层神秘主义色彩，提升了记文的生动性，另一方面也迎合了寺院碑记宣传佛教的需要。两宋之际的战争对寺院兴建与佛教信仰都产生了重要影响。南宋时期寺院兴建花费巨大，其经费多来自于民间信徒、官员与皇室的捐赠、僧人的募捐。寺院的布局与规模则大体有了较为规律性的配置，记文的书写为建筑史的研究提供了丰富的史料。经藏在寺院中地位颇为重要，因而有较多专门的经藏记，士人在表示惊叹的同时，也表达了对转轮藏这一形式的不理解。另外，记文展现了丰富多样的僧人形象，以及愈发密切往来的僧俗。寺院的兴盛离不开民众的赞助与支持，民众亦需要寺院所能给予的功德与名望，这一互动促进了佛教的进一步民间化。

南宋儒、释交互影响程度较深。士人的寺院记书写，常会融入儒家思想，展现出士大夫心怀天下的关怀，且士大夫精神并未消匿于佛理的阐述之中，而是每有感悟，便不自觉将儒、佛进行对比，愿士人能学习佛教徒之精神。在为皇家寺院书写时，更充满了对帝王的歌颂。僧人在书写记文时，则有意延长佛教入华的历史，并着重说明佛教在传入中国之后欣欣向荣的发展态势以及佛教经典等，以此抬高佛教地位。但僧人同样深受儒学影响，为谋求佛教在华的地位，僧人主动消弭了与儒学在孝道观等思想上的冲突，将儒家思想内化于佛教义理之中，“援儒入释”倾向明显，并显现出了关怀现实的入世情怀。

关键词：南宋；佛教；寺院碑记；儒释交融

Abstract

The inscription of temple is the textual record for Buddhism about crucial events of the temple such as its commencement or rehabilitation. It takes the form of stone tablets in the temple. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the crafting of those inscriptions starts to grow and prosper.In addition to well-known literati, local scholars, officials, etc., some emperors and commoners also wrote for monasteries. At the same time, the number of monks' writings far exceeds that of the previous generation. The process of invitation and writing has deepened the exchanges between scholars and monks, and demonstrated the friendly interaction between Confucianism and Buddhism in the Southern Song Dynasty.

The inscriptions on the tablet are rich in content, showing the situation of the temple from multiple dimensions. The records trace the history of the temple, the earliest date back to the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and most of them date back to the Tang Dynasty, preserving important historical materials. Some of the inscriptions build beliefs for the temple by writing mysterious stories, proving the rationality of the construction. The stories can be roughly divided into four categories: the auspiciousness of the god, the appearance of spirits in dreams, the appearance of gods, and the mutual assistance of humans and gods. The writing of these stories adds a layer of mysticism to the temple, which enhances the vividness of the writing. On the other hand, it also caters to the temple inscriptions promote the needs of Buddhism. The war between the two Song Dynasties had an important impact on the construction of temples and Buddhist beliefs. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the construction of temples cost a lot, most of which came from donations from folk believers, officials and royal families, and donations from monks. The layout and scale of temple generally have a relatively regular configuration, and the writing of records provides rich historical materials for the study of architectural history. The sutras are very important in the temple, so there are many special records of the sutras. While expressing their amazement, scholars also expressed their incomprehension of the form of the Wheels. In addition, inscriptions present a rich and varied image of monks, as well as increasingly close contacts between monks and laypeople. The prosperity of the temple is inseparable from the patronage and support of the people, and the people also need the merit and fame that the temple can give. This interaction promotes the further folkization of Buddhism.

The influence of Confucianism and Buddhism in the Southern Song Dynasty was relatively deep. The temple writings of scholars are often integrated into Confucianism, showing the concern of scholars and officials in the world, and the spirit of scholars and officials has not disappeared in the elaboration of Buddhist theory, but every time they have a feeling, they will unconsciously compare Confucianism and Buddhism, and hope that scholars can learn the spirit of Buddhism. When writing for the royal monastery, it is full of praises to the emperor. When the monks wrote the essays, they intended to prolong the history of Buddhism entering China, and emphasized the thriving development trend of Buddhism after it was introduced into China, as well as the Buddhist scriptures, etc., in order to elevate the status of Buddhism. However, the monks were also deeply influenced by Confucianism. In order to seek the status of Buddhism in China, the monks took the initiative to eliminate the conflict with Confucianism on filial piety and other ideas, and internalized Confucianism into Buddhist doctrines. , and showed a sense of joining the world that cared about reality.

Keywords：Southern Song Dynasty ; Buddhism ; Inscription of Folk Temple ; Confucianism and Buddhism Blended.

二、唐恒辉：《王夫之〈莲峰志〉研究》；指导老师：曹刚华

中文摘要

王夫之是明末清初重要的思想家，与顾炎武、黄宗羲齐名，著作颇丰，留下了近一百种著作，共计三百九十八卷，八百多万字，涉及经、史、子、集等多个领域。在这些著作中，《莲峰志》是由王夫之编纂的唯一一部方志，主要记载衡山莲花峰的相关事宜，该书内容丰富、体例适宜，涉及莲花峰的自然风光、人文古迹、寺庙沿革、高僧事迹、文人交游等诸多方面，具有较高的史料价值，是明末清初佛教方志的佳作。

晚明佛教的兴盛及佛教方志的发展是影响王夫之编纂《莲峰志》的大背景，《莲峰志》的体例与内容，是在继承前人志书门类设置的基础上，又有所创新。促成王夫之编纂《莲峰志》的个人原因，则包括仰慕朱熹、张栻等先贤，想保存前人事迹及诗文；对南岳莲花峰的深情与热爱；寄托遗民情怀等。在《莲峰志》的文字中，寄托着王夫之的思想情感。

《莲峰志》的主要史料来源，包括佛教典籍、前人所修的方志、他人口述等。该书自身则具有较高的史料价值，能够研究方广寺的沿革，了解寺院经济情况，同时还保留了一些少见的诗文，可作补遗之用。该书最大的价值，则是对研究王夫之的价值。包括王夫之的交游活动，以及王夫之在《莲峰志》中透露的思想与心态。

在刊刻、流传方面，曾国藩、曾国荃刊刻《船山遗书》的活动影响很大，《莲峰志》第一次得以刊刻发行，流传渐广，对李元度《南岳志》的编纂有较大影响。

关键词：王夫之；《莲峰志》；衡山；莲花峰

Abstract

Wang Fuzhi, one of the most important ideologists during the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasties of ancient China, is equally famous with Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi. He has written more than 100 varieties of works in his life, which comes to 398 books and more than 80,000 words altogether. Among those books, Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain is the only local records of his writings, which mainly records correlative legends of the Lotus mountain of Heng Mountain, involving its natural landscape, historical remains, temples, monks and priests, as well as its tourists and so on. Therefore, it is an excellent local records and contains positive historical values. However, this book is not concerned by people and the relative research is rare.

Wang Fuzhi’s Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain is influenced by the development of Buddhism and local records in Ming Dynasty, and its formats and contents are innovated based on his previous works. The subjective reasons why he writes the book include that he admires Zhu Xi and Zhang Shi, desiring to conserve their poetry and articles, as well as showing his love to the Lotus Mountain and expressing feelings for Ming loyalists and so on. Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain substances Wang Fuzhi’s thoughts and emotions.

The main resources of Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain are Buddhist books, previous local records, people’s oral descriptions and so on. This book contains high historical values, recording the history of Fangguang Temple and financial situations of temples. Meanwhile, it also retains some rare poetry and articles. The greatest value is to research Wang Fuzhi’s distributions, including his behaviors and thoughts exposed in Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain.

In publishment and communication, Chuan Shan’s Surviving Books by Zeng Guofan and his brother Zeng Guoquan makes a great influence to Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain, making it first published and gradually expanded, which takes great impact on Li Yuandu’s Local Chronicles of Mountain Heng.

Keywords： Wang Fuzhi ; Local Chronicles of Lotus Mountain ; Mountain Heng ; Lotus Mountain

三、李特特：《〈明史·太祖本纪〉的历史书写与清初政治文化》；指导老师：阚红柳

中文摘要

清朝官修《明史·太祖本纪》（以下简称《太祖纪》）是研究明太祖及明前期史的重要史料。在修纂过程中形成了五个重要文本，分别是汤斌本《汤潜庵拟明史稿》、万斯同本《明史》、王鸿绪《横山云人明史稿》、武英殿本《明史》与四库全书本《明史》。

前四本《太祖纪》经历了复杂的成书工序，且在一定程度上受到了清前期诸帝的干涉，因而不同的《太祖纪》文本特征各不相同，史事记载上亦互有差异，在一定程度上代表了不同的叙事情感。反应了《太祖纪》经历了事实书写到政治书写的转向，通过对不同稿本内容的割裂与补缀，殿本贯彻了清圣祖“公论”的史学思想，最终塑造了明太祖“令主”形象与明初“流风善政”的政治生态。在塑造明太祖令主形象的基础之上，殿本进而将前朝开基之君得天道（天命）——得天下的叙事逻辑中插入了“民”这一因素，使得“民”成为得失天下的关键性因素。

如果将视野置于明清史学史的背景之下，明太祖“得天命与得天下”的意识在《明太祖实录》修纂完成之后最终建立起来。在史学发展与演变的过程中，尽管评价的尺度和标准不同，但是“天命”——“天下”这一逻辑却并没有受到挑战。因而恤民影响天下得失的叙事逻辑是殿本的独创。

殿本《太祖纪》文本生成历时久、经历工序复杂，对明太祖个人形象层累的塑造已经使得史事失真，在此基础之上又加入其他内容重构了明太祖得天下的历史逻辑。从这一点上来说，《太祖纪》中包含的政治意义远较史实意义更加突出。

关键词：《明史·太祖本纪》；文本变迁；书写差异；清前期；政治文化

Abstract

The Qing Dynasty official Ming Shi Taizu Benji is an important historical material for the study of Ming Taizu and the history of the early Ming Dynasty. In the process of revision, five important texts were formed, namely Tang Bin’s Draft history of Tang Qian'an, Wan Sitong Tong's MingShi, Wang Hongxu's Hengshan Yunren Ming History Manuscript, Wu Yingdian's Ming History and Siku Quanshu's Ming History.

The first four Taizu Ji underwent a complex process of writing books, and to a certain extent, they were interfered by the emperors of the early Qing Dynasty, so the text characteristics of different Taizu Ji were different, and the historical records were also different from each other, which to a certain extent represented different narrative emotions. Reflecting that the Taizu Ji experienced a turn from fact writing to political writing, through the separation and addition of different manuscript contents, the final version implemented the historical thinking of Qing Shengzu's gonglun theory, and finally shaped the image of Ming Taizu's "shengjun" and the political ecology of "flowing wind and good governance" in the early Ming Dynasty. On the basis of shaping the image of Ming Taizu Ling Lord, the final version further inserted the factor of "people" into the narrative logic of the former Dynasty's Kaiji King's Heavenly Dao (Mandate of Heaven) - Winning the World, making "people" a key factor in gaining and losing the world.

If the vision is placed in the context of the history of Ming and Qing historiography, Ming Taizu's consciousness of "obtaining the Mandate of Heaven and gaining the world" was finally established after the completion of the revision of Ming Taizushilu. In the process of the development and evolution of historiography, although the scale and standard of evaluation are different, the logic of "Tianming" - "Tianxia" has not been challenged. Therefore, the narrative logic of the compassionate people influencing the world's gains and losses is the original creation of the fixed version.

Keywords：Mingshi ; taizubenji ; Text differences ; Political culture

四、钟同玲：《清代女性专门类书〈奁史〉研究》；指导老师：阚红柳

中文摘要

《奁史》为嘉定文人王初桐（1730-1821）于乾嘉时期编纂而成的女性专门类书，王昶、阮元等考据名家亦参与此书的阅定与校刊。此书共一百卷，分三十六门，广泛辑录中国古代女性的形象与物质资料，在文献学与性别史研究中具有重要价值。本文从考据学、类书史以及性别史的视角切入，探索《奁史》的编纂成书、资料来源、部类构成、文本建构及其背后的时代性别文化。

《奁史》可视为乾嘉考据学影响下的文献编纂成果。主纂王初桐在四库馆的经历及交游为编书、校书、成书奠定了良好的基础。《奁史》所辑录的部分材料及条目后的小注中，使用了乾嘉时期学界较为推崇的名物训诂、校勘等方法，对《永乐大典》的辑佚成果也有很多吸纳。此外，《奁史》注重女性性情才智、个人与家庭的编纂理念与“主情重智”、“以礼代理”的乾嘉新义理观具有暗合之处。

《奁史》标志着清代女性文献汇集整理的新高度，开创了女性专门类书的体裁，其资料来源和部类构成受到非类书女性文献与类书中的女性部类的深刻影响。《列女传》、世说体与类书体小说集等非类书文献中的女性资料以及《古今图书集成·闺媛典》等类书中的女性独立部类的出现为女性专门类书《奁史》的编纂提供了资料基础与部类架构。《奁史》在此基础上实现了内容与条目的整合、扩充与完善，以《太平御览》的框架为基础，对部类予以沿用、化用、合并或是提升，吸纳明清各类新型类书中细化的女性子目，实现了主题项的层层架构与细化。《奁史》在内容和架构上实现了与以往类书的区隔，开创了女性专门类书的体裁，展现出更为多样的女性形象与丰富的女性知识。

伴随着清代商品经济的繁荣以及女性著作文化的繁盛，士人的女性观有所变化，基于这种社会环境，《奁史》以女性资料分类汇集整理的方式实现了对女性生活与形象的文本建构。在女性生活上，可大概分为舆服宫室、饮食医药、日用器具以及花木禽虫四个方面。在女性形象上“以情统节”的采择方式与汇入文墨、干略等女性新形象的处理，体现出《奁史》对传统节烈女性形象的反思。同时，《奁史》文本建构的变动之处恰是对清代才女文化、文人奖掖女学、女性职业与消费等女性文化在知识层面的总结。

关键词：清代；女性；专门类书；奁史

Abstract

Lian Shi is a female specialized Leishu compiled by Jiading literati Wang Chutong (1730-1821) during the Qianjia period. Wang Chang, Ruan Yuan and other famous textualists also participated in the review and publication of this book. This book consists of 100 volumes and is divided into 36 chapters. It extensively records the images and material materials of ancient Chinese women, and is of great value in the study of philology and gender history. From the perspectives of textual research, the history of Leishu, and the history of gender, this paper explores the compilation, literature sources, departmental structure, text construction and the gender culture of the era behind Lian Shi.

Lian Shi can be regarded as the result of document compilation under the influence of Qianjia textual research. The chief editor Wang Chutong's experience and contacts in the the Library of Four Divisions laid a good foundation for compiling, proofreading and writing books. Some of the materials recorded in Lian Shi and the small notes after the entries used the methods of exegesis and collation that were highly respected in the academic circles of the Qian and Jia Dynasties, and also absorbed a lot of the lost works of the Yongle Dadian. In addition, the compiling concept of Lian Shi focusing on women's temperament and intelligence, individual and family has a coincidence with the new Qian-Jiang philosophy of “valuing feelings and wisdom” and “Ritual study for Neo-Confucianism”.

Lian Shi marked a new height in the collection and sorting of women's literature in the Qing Dynasty, and created a genre of Female Specialized Leishu. Its sources and departmental structure were deeply influenced by the non-Leishu books on women's literature and the female categories in the Leishu. The appearance of women's materials in non-Leishu literature such as Biography of Women, Shishuo Style and Leishu-style novels, as well as women's independent categories in such books as The Integration of Ancient and Modern Books · Guiyuan Dian provided a data base and a departmental structure for the compilation of the Female Specialized Leishu Lian Shi. On this basis, Lian Shi has realized the integration, expansion and improvement of content and items. Based on the framework of "Taiping Yulan", it has continued, transformed, merged or improved the departments, absorbed the refined female sub-items of various new genre books in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and realized the hierarchical structure and refinement of topic items. Lian Shi has realized the separation from the previous Leishu in content and structure, created a genre of Female Specialized Leishu, and displayed more diverse female images and rich female knowledge.

With the prosperity of the commodity economy in the Qing Dynasty and the prosperity of women's writing culture, scholars' views on women have changed. Based on this social environment, Lian Shi realized the textual construction of women's life and images by classifying and collating women's materials. In women's life, it can be roughly divided into four aspects: Yufu and palace, diet and medicine, daily utensils and flowers, trees, birds and insects. In terms of female image, the selection method of “Virtue jugged by emotion” and the treatment of new female images such as Wenmo and Ganlue reflect the reflection of the traditional female image in Lian Shi. At the same time, the changes in the construction of the text of Lian Shi are precisely the summary of the female culture in the Qing Dynasty, such as the culture of talented women in the Qing Dynasty, the literati rewarding women's studies, and the occupation and consumption of women.

Keywords：Qing Dynasty ; Female ; Specialized Leishu ; Lian Shi