| 2011年历史文献学专业硕士论文摘要 |
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2011年历史文献学专业硕士论文摘要
1、宋代图书市场研究
论文作者：胡爽
导师姓名：李晓菊
培养单位：历史学院历史系
论文名称：宋代图书市场研究
中文摘要
图书市场属于文化市场的范畴，图书市场形成的前提是书籍作为一种文化商品参与流通。图书作为商品进入流通领域，早在汉代已见文献记载，历经隋唐五代，随着雕版印刷技术在图书出版领域的应用和日益普及，书籍逐渐由写本时代走进印本时代，进入宋代，终于发展成为初具规模的图书市场，开创了划时代的繁荣局面。宋代图书市场的繁荣，有对前代图书事业的继承，更主要的还在于宋代本身的经济发展、文化昌明以及技术进步的催化和培育，是当时社会政治、经济、文化、教育和科学技术等方面交错和相互作用的结果，有着鲜明的时代特色和发展规律。本篇论文着力于从经济生活和文化传播关系的视角，对包括宋代图书市场的经营环境、图书经营活动以及图书市场的管理等几个方面进行综合考察，并结合现代经济学和市场营销学的理论着重对宋代图书市场的经营模式和营销特点加以分析和探讨，努力拓宽研究视野，力求对宋代图书市场的全貌和特点做一个系统的分析和考量。
英文摘要
The book market belongs to the category of culture market, in which books have been as a kind of culture goods to participate in business circulation.It is as early as the Han dynasty that the product of books had been into the circulation for trade. Then through the development of the Sui and Tang dynasties,block printing had been applied in book production increasingly widely ,and finally contributed to form a large-scale book marke after entering the song dynasty. The prosperity of the Song book market, not only lies in inheriting the former business , but also the result of economic development, culture essences and technical progress of the Song itself,which is more important. Having its own developmental pattern,the development of the Song book market embodied the time spirit. This paper mainly focused on the relations between the economic life and culture transmission ,and take this relationship as a research angle.Generally speaking,this article includes the following aspects:the background,the publishing situations, the promotion activities and the publishing management. Using both the modern economics and marketing theory,this article devote to grasp the market characteristics,thus able to to master the mannagemant of Song book market.
2、宋徽宗时期鬻牒研究
论文作者：于青
导师姓名：李晓菊
培养单位：历史学院历史系
论文名称：宋徽宗时期鬻牒研究
中文摘要
宋代成为度牒发展史上的重要阶段，该时期，度牒完全突破宗教的界线进入到国家财政经济的领域，如此大规模鬻牒活动是前代和后代均没有的事情，鬻牒已经成为财政的重要组成部分，因此，宋代鬻牒是与国家财政紧密相连的问题，是研究宋代财政问题中值得深入探讨的内容。鬻牒是不断变化的活动，它跟随国家财政的变动而不断发展，虽然表现出一定的相承性，但总会表现出鲜明的时代特征。宋徽宗时期已经进入北宋的末年，北宋许多财政上固有的问题发展到此阶段已经开始出现质的变化，如冗官和冗兵问题，而时间的发展又促使国家财政生活中出现许多新的内容，如徽宗的崇道问题，正是在这种背景和财政原因下，个性鲜明的鬻牒活动在持续进行，它的表现是该时期鬻牒的价格和数量波动较大，鬻牒收入被用于盐法、茶法等与财政政策变化紧密相连的方向。通过对该时期鬻牒活动的分析讨论，从中既可以对鬻牒活动有相对细致的了解，又可以对宋徽宗整个时期的政治、财政、宗教等相关内容有一个大致认识。本文在写作的过程中，查阅了包括正史、会要、杂史、文集、地方志、笔记等相当数量的有关资料。同时，阅读了许多学者们关于宋代度牒、财政和佛道的专著、论文，广泛吸取和借鉴了前辈们的成熟观点和研究思想。以此为文献基础，使这些知识与自己的认识分析融为一体。本文共包括四章内容：第一章，宋徽宗之前鬻牒情况的考察，本章主要探讨了度牒的产生、鬻牒的形成和徽宗之前的北宋鬻牒情况两方面的内容。度牒由北朝初现雏形，通过慢慢发展，在进入唐代以后，于中期真正形成，这是一个长期的过程，它的产生和形成有赖于每一时期政治对宗教的态度；度牒在形成之后，附加于度牒上的特权使得它对普通大众有了一定吸引力，唐后期，国家的动乱造成财政拮据，政府开始鬻牒用于军费所需，不过，这时还未形成全国性和持续性。进入宋代以后，随着国家经济由上升繁荣进入到衰落萧条时期，财政所需使鬻牒于治平末年真正进入到国家经济生活中，从此一发而不可收。本章用两节来讨论这些内容，希望清晰梳理度牒、鬻牒的发生和发展，从源头理解宋徽宗时期的鬻牒活动。第二章，宋徽宗时期鬻牒的财政原因和社会基础，本章分两节内容，分别讨论了鬻牒的财政原因和社会基础。北宋财政情况在进入宋徽宗之初并不理想，之后，宋徽宗的奢侈消费、政府的宗教态度、冗官和战争等问题使得紧张的财政更为困难，所以，政府因财政拮据而进行鬻牒。国家把大量度牒投向社会，度牒所含有的经济特权吸引了大量购买者，因此，各种现实的经济利益诱惑是鬻牒得以长期存在的社会基础。政府和社会对各自利益的需求是进行鬻牒的保证，通过本章的讨论，从中认识徽宗时期鬻牒的背景。第三章，宋徽宗时期鬻牒的财政去向、数量及价格，本章介绍了鬻牒收入的财政去向和鬻牒数量、价格两方面的内容。鬻牒因政府和社会的需求而形成市场，同时，具有一般商品流通的特点，要不断的实现从商品到货币和货币到商品之间的转化，这就要求度牒要保持供需之间的平衡，否则，则会引起鬻牒价格和数量的变动。宋徽宗时期鬻牒相较于神宗、哲宗时的鬻卖情况，价格和数量波动较大，几度因波动太大而不得不住卖，比较而言，鬻牒的财政去向则比较平稳，有传统的去向，也有因财政变动而用于盐法、茶法等新的方向，但总体而言，财政支出比较正面。第四章，宋徽宗时期鬻牒的影响，本章论述了宋徽宗时期鬻牒对当时的影响和对南宋的影响。虽然在宋徽宗时期，鬻牒其财政去向比较正面、积极，但从长远来看，还是给国家财政赋税造成了一定损失。南宋初期，刚建立的王朝在金人的追击中动荡不安，因此，其大臣、基本体制多是承袭北宋末年，由北宋末年持续而来的宋金战争还在进行，对没有国库基础的南宋来讲，财政更加紧张，尽管君臣都对鬻牒的危害有清楚的认识，但现实情况迫使进行鬻牒，然后一直持续到南宋结束，未曾中断。总之，希望此篇论文的内容可以清晰展现出宋徽宗时期鬻牒的概况，并通过对宋徽宗前、后时期鬻牒情况的略论，能反映出宋徽宗时期鬻牒的时代特征；愿通过对此篇论文的阅读，不仅可以具体认识宋徽宗时期鬻牒情况，而且从纵向对度牒、鬻牒活动有一定了解，同时，可以对宋徽宗时期的政治、财政以及宗教都有所认识。
英文摘要
The Song Dynasty is a period of great development in DuDie，This period,DuDie completely breakthrough religious boundary into a national finance economic field，Such a large-scale DuDie Sales is a activity that the past and the future did not happen,DuDie Sales has become an important part of finance, Therefore, the Song Dynasty DuDie is closely linked with the state financial problems , It is worth further discussed in the study of the Song Dynasty financial problems。DuDie Sales with national finance changes constantly changing，Although have historical inheritance, but have bright times feature。Song Huizong Period in the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Many financial problems appear real change, such as the supernumerary officials and the Redundant soldiers,while the new financial problems are coming in all the times，such as advocating Taoism。In this context ,distinct DuDie Sales is under way，it show large swings in quantity and price, DuDie Sales revenues are used for Salt Legislation and tea system is pertains to government fiscal policies; Being discussed at length in this period about DuDie Sales,which not only helps understand,but also give us a general view of the political、financial and religious ,etc。 During the course of writing，I access to a large amount of historical materials, including authorized history、unofficial history、collected works、chorography、the notes novels and others that can be used。Meanwhile Reading a lot of monograph and article about DuDie 、Financial 、Monk and Taoist priest of Song Dynasty，Extensive learned from predecessor mature ideas and research idea。Based on these documents, to combine these knowledge with own analysis as a whole,The full text of the main contents include four chapters： ChapterⅠ, The investigation on the DuDie Sales Before Song Huizong, the discussion includes the formation of the DuDie and DuDie Sales of Northern Song period before Song Huizong in this chapter, DuDie is in its infancy in the Northern Dynasties period，After a long period of development, To the mid- Tang Dynasty, DuDie be truly formed, it of development dependence at the political attitudes toward religion。The privilege of the DuDie has appeal to the masses in the late period of Tang Dynasty, the country was in a difficult financial position due to its instable political situation, country begin to sell DuDie used for military spending, nevertheless,which is an action temporarily。To the Song Dynasty,the economy began a progressive decline from the prosperity, The Country began to sell DuDie from the end of the Song Yingzong because of deep financial problems。This chapter intends to hackles a clear theory frame about appearance and development of DuDie Sales，Thus understand DuDie Sales about Song Huizong from a source。 ChapterⅡ, The financial reasons and social basis of DuDie Sales about Song Huizong period。this chapter includes two sections，the financial reasons and social basis of DuDie Sales are discussed respectively, financial burden is heavy when step into the Song Huizong period,but the government 's financial more difficult for extravagant expense、an attitude toward religion，redundant officials and redundant soldiers etc,country begin to carry out the policy of DuDie Sales。government supply great quantities of DuDie to the market，the privilege of DuDie attracts a large buyers,Therefore, which is a long-standing foundation of DuDie Sales。 ChapterⅢ, The fiscal expenditure、quantity and price of of DuDie Sales about Song Huizong period。This chapter introduces finance expenditure of DuDie Sales revenue and quantity、price。If it upset the balance of supply and demand of DuDie that will can cause fluctuation of price and quantity, the fluctuation is higher than Song Renzong and Song Shenzong period,and stop selling a couple of times； but by comparison，finance expenditure in DuDie Sales revenue is relative balance, which not only enhances the continuity and inheritance,but also has characteristics of the epoch。Overall , however，finance expenditure of DuDie Sales revenue is much more positive。 ChapterIV, The impact of of DuDie Sales about Song Huizong period, This chapter discussed the affects of DuDie Sales on Song Huizong period and the Southern Song Dynasty。Although finance expenditure of DuDie Sales revenue is much more positive, In the long term this of course means a loss to the state。Emperor and ministers realize harm of DuDie Sales in the times of Southern Sung Dynasty,but DuDie Sales keeps going on that forced by fiscal crisis, this continues down to the end of the South Song Dynasty。 In a word, through composing this paper ,hope to Clearly show survey of DuDie Sales about Song Huizong period ,and which can Reflect the time characteristics throngh Comparative discussion,meanwhile,by reading this article,it is not only specific understanding about DuDie Sales,but also give us a general view of the political、financial and religious ,etc of the Song Huizong period。 Key Words: Song Huizong; DuDie Sales; DuDie; Finance; Monk and Taoist priest.
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